URINARY SYSTEM
I Overview of urinary system
A. Function
B. Structures
II Kidney
A. Gross anatomy
1. location
2. retroperitoneal and packing
3. hilus
4. renal capsule
5. cortex
6. medulla - pyramids
7. minor calyces ---> major calyces ---> renal pelvis
8. blood supply
B. Microscopic anatomy
1. nephron - functional unit of kidney
a. renal corpuscle (filtering)
1. glomerulus
2. Bowman's capsule
b. renal tubule (reabsorption and secretion)
1. proximal convoluted tubule
2. loop of Henle
3. distal convoluted tubule
III Accessory structures
A. Ureters (2)
B. Bladder
1. trigone
2. transitional epithelium
C. Urethra (1)
1. sphincters
2. male
3. female
IV Problems
A. Kidney stones
B. Urinary tract infections
1. pyelonephritis
2. cystitis
At the end of this unit, you should be able to:
- state the general functions of the urinary system
- identify the organs of the urinary system
- distinguish between ureter and urethra
- describe the gross anatomy of the kidney
- identify the different regions of a nephron
(renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct)
- locate the sites of nephrons in the kidney
- describe the bladder
- describe the ureters connection to the bladder and how it prevents reflux- compare the location and function of the internal and external urethral sphincter
- contrast the male and female urethra
- distinguish between cystitis and pyelonephritis
return to Anatomy Outlines
return to Human Anatomy
return to Home page
Last Updated: 4/18/24